Castro's July 26th movement successfully lobbied the U.S. to place arms embargo on Batista regime.
Castro regime officials and agents have been active on social media on the 60th anniversary of the dictatorship and observing historical dates. Yesterday, March 10th was the anniversary of the coup led by Fulgencio Batista that
ended Cuban democracy in 1952.
However, although they claim truth matters, important facts of have been left out or falsehoods repeated. Nevertheless, because the truth does matter and
we too have memory, a few
facts will be set straight.
First, the United States did not back the coup against Carlos Prio in 1952, and diplomatic communications following Batista's take over indicate this. In a
Memorandum of Conversation, by the Ambassador in Cuba (Beaulac) with
Dr. Miguel Angel de la Campa, Minister of State datelined Habana, March
22, 1952 and marked secret The American Ambassador indicated that
according to Dr. Campa:
“ Cuba intended to restore normal
relations with countries toward which the former Cuban Government had
had an attitude of hostility. He mentioned Spain and the Dominican
Republic in particular. He said he thought the United States should
recognize promptly; that it was in our interest that the situation
should develop in an orderly way. I reminded Dr. Campa that our
Government had not been consulted about the coup d'etat and that Cuba could not expect automatic recognition from us.”
State Department had concerns about Batista's
previous flirtations with communists in the 1940s, but recognized that he had control of the country following the coup, and that delaying recognition any further would damage relations with Cuba. The coup had taken place on March 10th and recognition
was granted by President Truman, seventeen days later, on March 27, 1952. (By comparison Fidel Castro's revolutionary regime was recognized
six days after Batista fled on January 7, 1959).
Secondly, the United States did back Fidel Castro and undermined the rule of Fulgencio Batista.
In January of 1958 the United States
was pressuring Batista to restore Constitutional guarantees in exchange for the sale of arms.
On March 14, 1958 the State Department in a
telegram to the U.S. Embassy in Cuba requested that the export license for 1,950 M-1 rifles for the Cuban Army awaiting shipment be
suspended. This was done because State felt that the Cuban government had failed to "create conditions for fair elections."
On March 17, 1958 Fidel Castro's candidate for provisional president Manuel Urrutia, along with a delegation of other
supporters in exile of the future Cuban dictator's July 26th movement, met with officials at the State Department. They lobbied the U.S. government and argued that arms shipments to Cuba were for hemispheric defense, and they claimed that Batista using them against Cuban nationals was in violation of the conditions agreed to between the two countries.
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| "President" Manuel Urrutia and Fidel Castro in 1959 |
On the same day the Cuban Government presented to
the U.S. Embassy in Havana
a formal note protesting the delay in the shipment of M-1
rifles to the Cuban Army, and warned that it would weaken the Cuban government and lead to its possible downfall.
On March 26, 1958 in
another telegram from the State Department to the U.S. Embassy in Havana the view was expressed how the arms embargo could lead to the fall of Batista's regime:
“Department has considered possibility its actions could have an adverse psychological effect GOC and could unintentionally contribute to or accelerate eventual Batista downfall. On other hand, shipment US combat arms at this time would probably invite increased resentment against US and associate it with Batista strong arm methods, especially following so closely on heels of following developments:
- Government publicly desisted from peace efforts.
- Government suspended guarantees again.
- Batista expressed confidence Government will win elections with his candidate and insists they will be held despite suspension guarantees but has made no real effort to satisfy public opinion on their fairness and effectiveness as possible means achieve fair and acceptable solution.
- Batista announced would increase size arms and informed you he would again undertake mass population shift Oriente, and otherwise acted in manner to discourage those who supported or could be brought to support peaceful settlement by constructive negotiations. "
News of the arms embargo on the Batista regime broke in
The New York Times on April 3, 1958, the
psychological blow was delivered and the days of the Batista regime were numbered.
Twenty one years later as another Marxist Leninist regime took power in Nicaragua, the former U.S. ambassador to Cuba in 1958, Earl E. T. Smith
wrote a letter to the editor published in The New York Times were he addressed the myth that the U.S. had been a steadfast supporter of the Batista dictatorship:
"To the contrary, Castro could not have seized power in Cuba without the
aid of the United States. American Government agencies and the United
States press played a major role in bringing Castro to power. I so
testified before a Senate committee. As the U.S. Ambassador to Cuba
during the Castro‐Communist revolution 1957‐59, I had first‐hand
knowledge of the facts which brought about the rise of Fidel Castro."
Because
of my briefing in Washington, my sympathies leaned toward Castro when I
first arrived in Cuba. After a few months as chief of mission, it
became more and more obvious to me that the Castro‐led 26th of July
movement embraced every element of radical political thought and
terrorist inclination In Cuba. The State Department consistently
intervened ‐ positively, negatively and by innuendo to bring about the
downfall of President Fulgencio Batista, thereby making It possible for
Fidel Castro to take over the Government of Cuba.
The
final coup in favor of Castro came on Dec. 17, 1958. On that date, in
accordance with my instructions from the State Department, I personally
conveyed to President Batista that the Department of State would view
with skepticism any plan on his part, or any intention on his part, to
remain in Cuba indefinitely. I had dealt him a mortal blow. He said in
substance: “You have intervened in behalf of the Castros, but I know it
is not your doing and that you are only following out your
instructions.” Fourteen days later, on Jan. 1, 1959, the Government of
Cuba fell.
The historical truth matters, and must not be left to the Castro regime and its agents of influence to rewrite the past with lies and half truths. The fact of the matter is that the United States did not approve of the 1952 coup against a democratic Cuba, and was working behind the scenes to pressure the Batista regime to restore Cuba's democratic order. Fidel Castro promised Cubans and the world that he would restore the old democratic order, but
he lied and installed a Marxist-Leninist dictatorship instead.
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